Lawatan ke Istanbul pada 18-22 September 2024 ke Institut Penyelidikan Islam Turkiye (ISAM) dan Ottoman Archive bersama Prof Datin Dr. Raihanah dan Ustaz Muhammad Abdullah atau juga dikenali dengan Ustaz Amin. Lawatan dibantu oleh Profesor Dr. Saim Kayadibi dari Universiti Marmara, Istanbul.
Dipetik daripada Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban. Islamic Law and Society in the Sudan. Oxford: Routledge, 2008. (First published in 1987 by Frank Cass & Co. London).
Berikut adalah beberapa alasan dari sudut rasional dan konteks mengapa perubahan atau pembaharuan terhadap undang-undang wasiat Islam dilakukan di Sudan melalui Judicial Circular No.53 Tahun 1945 iaitu keharusan membuat wasiat kepada waris tidak melebihi 1/3. Judicial Circular ini atau di dalam bahasa Arabnya al-Manshurat al-Qada'iyyah adalah bersamaan dengan Arahan Amalan atau Judicial Practice yang dikeluarkan oleh Ketua Hakim. Sungguhpun begitu peruntukan ini telah diganti dengan Undang-undang Personal Sudan yang baru iaitu Qanun al-Ahwal al-Shakhsiyyah li Muslimin Tahun 1991. Melalui artikel 297 Undang-undang Personal Sudan 1991 wasiat tidak boleh dibuat kepada waris melainkan dengan keizinan waris.
Perubahan yang sama dibuat oleh Undang-undang Wasiat Mesir No.77 Tahun 1946 artikel 37 sebagaimana berikut:
تصح الوصية بالثلث للوارث وغيره، وتنفذ من غير اجازة الورثة
Alasan-alasan yang diberikan dalam petikan dibawah ini hanya dari aspek sosio perundangan. Untuk alasan atau justifikasi perundangan Islam, ianya diberikan oleh Muhammad Abu Zahrah dengan memetik dari nota penjelasan undang-undang itu sendiri antaranya:
(1) Ayat al-Quran mengenai wasiat di Surah al-Baqarah ayat 180 yang memerintahkan wasiat kepada kaum keluarga
(2) Pandangan sesetengah ahli tafsir seperti Abu Muslim al-Isfahani bahawa wasiat kepada waris terlaksana
(3) Sesetengah fuqaha yang bukan dari mazhab yang empat melaksanakan wasiat kepada waris tanpa perlu kepada keizinan atau persetujuan waris
(4) Keperluan semasa kepada wasiat sebegini
Muhammad Abu Zahrah tidak bersetuju dengan alasan-alasan ini dan jawapan diberikan di dalam bukunya bertajuk Sharh Qanun al-Wasiah: Dirasah Muqaranah li Masa'ihi wa Bayan li Masadirihi al-Fiqhiyyah. Dar al-Fikr al-Arabi, 1988 (2nd edition). hh.63-66.
Pada tahun 2015 Mahkamah Perlembagaan Mesir di dalam kes Ahmad Abdul Latif Muhamad Diyab v. Presiden Mesir et.al. menolak petisyen untuk mengistiharkan artikel 37 Undang-undang Wasiat 1946 ini sebagai tidak sah kerana bercanggah dengan artikel 2 Perlembagaan Mesir yang menjadikan Syariah sebagai sumber undang-undang di Mesir.
CHONG LAI KENG v. PRUDENTIAL ASSURANCE MALAYSIA BHD [2024] 1 CLJ 293
HIGH COURT MALAYA, SHAH ALAM
JAMHIRAH ALI JC
[CIVIL SUIT NO: BA-22NCC-21-02-2022]
23 OCTOBER 2023
The uberrimae fidei principle, entrenched in Part 3, Schedule 9 of the Financial Services Act 2013, imposes consumers with a duty of disclosure and representation when engaging in, modifying or renewing insurance contracts with insurers. This duty requires consumers to exercise reasonable care to prevent any misrepresentation during the pre-contractual phase. Specifically, consumers have an obligation to ensure the accuracy and completeness of their responses to the insurer's inquiries. In cases where a consumer deliberately or recklessly makes a misrepresentation and conceal material facts, the insurer has the authority to void the contract of insurance and decline any claim settlements.
INSURANCE
Claim - Repudiation - Life assured acquired two life insurance policies from insurer - Wife named as nominee of both life insurances - Wife submitted claims for insurance policies following sudden death of life assured - Insurer discovered that life assured held three other life insurance policies with another insurer and such policies were already in force when life assured applied for two policies from insurer - Whether there was misrepresentation by life assured by not disclosing pre-existing policies - Whether life assured had committed fraudulent non-disclosure - Whether insurer entitled to repudiate claim - Whether two policies null and void from inception - Financial Services Act 2013
CONTRACT
Contract of insurance - Repudiation of death claim - Life assured acquired two life insurance policies from insurer - Wife named as nominee of both life insurances - Wife submitted claims for insurance policies following sudden death of life assured - Insurer discovered that life assured held three other life insurance policies with another insurer and such policies were already in force when life assured applied for two policies from insurer - Pre-contractual duty of disclosure - Principle of uberrimae fidei - Whether there was fraudulent non-disclosure and fraudulent misrepresentation by life assured - Whether contract of insurance null and void - Whether insurer entitled to repudiate contract - Financial Services Act 2013
https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#inbox/FMfcgzGwJSGsdMsHvckSrwXzMDkMxBkC
Dewan Rakyat lulus RUU mansuh hukuman mati mandatori
My lectures in Maldives organized by Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Maldives in December 2016 in the link below.
http://youtu.be/LIZCRPVlswY
JABATAN PENDAFTARAN NEGARA & ORS v. SEORANG KANAK-KANAK & ORS; MAJLIS AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI JOHOR (INTERVENER) [2020] 4 CLJ 731
FEDERAL COURT, PUTRAJAYA
ROHANA YUSUF PCA; AZAHAR MOHAMED CJ (MALAYA); DAVID WONG DAK WAH CJ (SABAH AND SARAWAK); MOHD ZAWAWI SALLEH FCJ; ABANG ISKANDAR FCJ; IDRUS HARUN FCJ; NALLINI PATHMANATHAN FCJ
[CIVIL APPEAL NO: 01(f)-43-09-2017(W)]
13 FEBRUARY 2020
The decision of the Director General of National Registration (DGNR) in declining to allow a Malay Muslim illegitimate child to bear his biological father's name in his birth certificate is legal, rational and reasonable, and does not in any way militate against the purport of s. 13A(2) of the Births and Deaths Registration Act 1957 (BDRA) or the child's fundamental constitutional liberties. Section 13A BDRA, which allows a child's surname to be stated in his birth certificate, cannot apply to a Malay Muslim child, since a Malay Muslim child, in reality and by culture and tradition, never carries a surname, and also because the biological father's name by definition does not constitute a surname. Be that as it may, and whilst the DGNR in so registering the birth may apply the child's Islamic personal law to the registration process, his decision to ascribe "bin Abdullah" to the child's name upon the adoption of a fatwa issued by the National Fatwa Committee (NFC) is wrong in law and devoid of any legal basis. As the child was born in the State of Johor, and the State has not adopted nor gazetted the NFC's fatwa, the same cannot apply to the State, and consequently, the DGNR, in imposing the fatwa on the child, has usurped the power of the Fatwa Committee of Johor and violated ss. 49 and 52 of the Administration of the Religion of Islam (State of Johor) Enactment 2003. Consequentially, the words "bin Abdullah" must be removed from the child's birth certificate.
ADMINISTRATIVE LAW
Judicial review - Challenge against decision of Director General of National Registration ('DGNR') - Application by Malay Muslim illegitimate child - Application to enter name of father of child in child's Birth Register - DGNR issued child's birth certificate and entered child's full name with 'bin Abdullah' instead of 'bin' father's name - Application to correct child's name from 'bin Abdullah' to 'bin' father's name dismissed by DGNR - Whether DGNR's refusal to correct or alter particulars 'bin Abdullah' to be substituted with 'bin' father's name in Birth Register made in accordance with law - Whether s. 13A of Births and Deaths Registration Act 1957 ('BDRA') applies to registration of births of Muslim children - Whether enabling child to be named with personal name of person acknowledged to be father of child - Whether 'surname' in s. 13A of BDRA includes patronymic surnames - Whether Malays have surnames
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW
Fundamental liberties - Personal liberty - Challenge against decision of Director General of National Registration ('DGNR') - Application by Malay Muslim illegitimate child - Application to enter name of father of child in child's Birth Register - DGNR issued child's birth certificate and entered child's full name with 'bin Abdullah' instead of 'bin' father's name - Child's birth certificate contained notation 'Permohonan Seksyen 13' as acknowledgment of registration of birth for illegitimate child - Whether entry of 'bin Abdullah' and notation 'Permohonan Seksyen 13' in child's birth certificate infringed child's fundamental liberties
ISLAMIC LAW
Legislation - Islamic law of State - Challenge against decision of Director General of National Registration ('DGNR') - Application by Malay Muslim illegitimate child - Application to enter name of father of child in child's Birth Register - DGNR issued child's birth certificate and entered child's full name with 'bin Abdullah' instead of 'bin' father's name - Child's birth certificate contained notation 'Permohonan Seksyen 13' as acknowledgment of registration of birth for illegitimate child - DGNR relied on fatwa by National Fatwa Committee ('NFC') in arriving at decision - Whether, in performing registration of births of Muslim children, Registrar of Births and Deaths may refer to and rely on sources of Islamic law on legitimacy - Whether DGNR could rely on fatwa by NFC when child is subjected to Islamic laws of State - Whether illegitimate Muslim child could be ascribed to name of father in Islam - Islamic Family Law (State of Johor) Enactment 2003, ss. 52 & 111
Ulasan Buku: Ensiklopedia Perawatan Islam oleh Dr. Hj Abdullah Yusof Al-Kemachi (Puchong: MHCS Sercives, 2026, kulit nipis, 544 halaman). ...
